Automotive Engineering Because They Function-Myassignmemthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Automotive Engineering Because Function? Answer: Presentation The tires are significant segments in the car designing since they work as the main connection which exists between the street and the vehicle (Russel, 2013). The ties are made of elastic and comprise of different properties, for example, being adaptable and solid so as to have the option to be fixed on the edge of the wheel. The noteworthiness of the tires for exchange car designing is on the grounds that their characteristics can be utilized for the adjustment and improvement of different elements of a vehicle. Aside from giving the pad to the wheel, they additionally help in grasping the street surfaces. This is the reason they are fitted in a few autos, for example, airplane, trucks, transports, ranch gear, motorbikes and tractors among others. At first, the tires were fitted with tubes so as air can be held inside yet these days pressure in type of a seal is made in the wheels. Life pattern of tires Tires are comprised of characteristic which fills in as the crude material. In different cases, be that as it may, tires can also be produced using manufactured elastic. So as to meet the necessary properties, the elastic should be dealt with utilizing different synthetic compounds followed by the warming procedure. This type of treatment is utilized to accomplish the necessary protection from tearing, quality just as versatility. Characteristic elastic exists in type of a smooth fluid. At first, this fluid is treated with acids to change over the fluid into a strong. The abundance fluid is expelled utilizing high weight with the end goal that elastic is shaped in type of sheets. The elastic sheets are then dried under high tension in smokehouses to shape enormous bunches which are then sent to tire fabricating plants for additional preparing. Another substance utilized in the production of tires is carbon dark which is produced using petroleum gas (Martinez et al., 2013). It is shap ed by fragmented burning of petroleum gas to frame fine ash. A portion of the significant procedures of tire making incorporate blending of fixings, re-processing, blending substance, restoring, quality control and utilized tire removal. Note that the existence pattern of tires has a few effects on the earth all the more so in light of the fact that it causes contamination. For example, the fragmented ignition causes aggregation of harmful just as ozone depleting substances which prompts a worldwide temperature alteration. A few synthetic compounds utilized in tire fabricating like sulfur could uncover the production line staff into hazardous wellbeing conditions through ingestion and inward breath. In the quality control step, there are a few methods, for example, X-beam videography which are associated with survey the groups of tire crude materials to guarantee that they meet the necessary quality. Another social, monetary and natural expenses emerge during utilized tires removal (David, 2015). By and large, these squanders cause dump locales which are unattractive may cause wellbeing worries to the network because of the synthetic arrangement of tires. A portion of these dump destinations can't be utilized for any monetarily gainful exercises like cultivating. So as to diminish the different concerns, shrewd tires that utilization sensor innovation and dangers in tire life cycle, robotized conventions have been created to bring down the physical treatment of the assembling procedure (Akron, 2016). Remembering the natural debasement in gathering latex, the procedure of importation of crude materials has been decreased using engineered elastic which is artificially fabricated. End Despite the fact that tires are significant in the car designing, they are related with ecological, social and financial issues. These emerge for the duration of the existence cycle albeit a few phases have more genuine impacts than others. Along these lines there are cutting edge innovations which have been created to bring down the issues that emerge in importation and assembling process. References Akron, O., (2016). Bridgestones vision of things to come of the tire business. Bridgestone. Recovered from https://www.bridgestoneamericas.com/en/newsroom/public statements/2016/bridgestone_s-vision-of things to come of-the-tire-business David, S., (2015). Dreams of things to come for the worldwide tire industry. Recovered from https://www.linkedin.com/beat/dreams future-worldwide tire-industry-david-shaw Martinez, J. D., Murillo, R., Garca, T. (2013). Creation of carbon dark from the waste tires pyrolysis. Bol. Grupo Espaol. Carbon, 30, 10-14. Recovered from https://www.researchgate.net/distribution/283502434_Production_of_carbon_black_from_the_waste_tires_pyrolysis Russel, W., (2013). Try not to disparage the significance of tires. Daylight coast every day. Recovered from https://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/don't think little of significance tires/1784408/

Final Study Guide for Livanis Intl 1101

INTL 1101 Final Exam Study Guide Americanization †Consumerism, independence †American items and qualities †Cultural government? Attempting to homogenize world? McDonaldization †Fast-food standards prevailing in American and different social orders †Uniform guidelines †Lack of human inventiveness †Dehumanization of social relations Infantilization †Benjamin Barber â€Å"consumed† †Against â€Å"ethos of infantilization† that continues worldwide private enterprise †Turning of grown-ups into youngsters through stupefied publicizing and purchaser merchandise †Targeting kids as shoppers Homogeneous worldwide items for youthful and well off, and for kids => cruel and dishonest worldwide industrialism in quest for benefit Cultural homogenization †â€Å"More alike† hypothesis of impacts of globalization †Western culture industry †Homogenization of mainstream society †Can be inside western socia l orders (McDonaldization) Market for loyalties †Regulation of correspondences to arrange cartels of symbolism †Domestic communicate guideline keeps up appropriation of intensity †National personality reframed to political perspectives and social mentalities that keep up existing force structure Facilitates prevalence of one philosophy Cultural colonialism †World examples of social stream, reflect the arrangement of mastery in world financial and political request †Not bound toward the west: see Mexico, Brazil (Latin America), India (East Asia), Hong Kong, Taiwan (China) Sustainable advancement †Long-term monetary development relies upon cautious stewardship of the common habitat †Environmentalists †Liberalization= inconsistent monetary development, assets for obligation, rivalry (race to the base), expanded contamination, unreasonable utilization of assets, political turmoil †Free Trade advances development and mitigates poverty= ecologi cal advantages †Elimination of exchange barriers= expanded estimation of assets †Environmental advancement is simpler to accomplish under states of thriving Deterritiorlization of religion †Primarily brought about by relocation †The instance of Islam: †Muslim Ummah †Re-islamisation as deculturalisation of Islam (not connected to a specific unblemished culture, worldwide Islam) †Quest for definition: Islam to fit each culture †By overcoming any issues among secularism and strictness, Fundamentalism overstretches religion to the point that it can't get implanted in genuine cultureFree exchange and nature Technological Change and Disease †Transportation †Short term travel: 940 million voyagers †Meningitis: 70,000 explorers to Mecca consistently, optional pandemics upon return †Expensive maladies in creating nations and destroyed illnesses in created nations †Medical advances †Greater joint effort, more data †BUT , new innovations can be severely utilized †Ebola in DRC, AIDS plagues in China from unsterilized needles Demographic Change and Disease †Population versatility Conditions that lead individuals to move are a similar that favor the rise of diseases (destitution, packing, unsanitary conditions, state disappointment) †Refugees: sanitation, food, medicinal services †50,000 dead in a month (Rwanda, 1994) †Haiti: cholera from Nepal? (4,800 mortalities) †Long-term movement †Disease to non-resistant populaces, and move of new illness back home †Eradicated ailments re-presented †Migrant specialists in Africa (AIDS pandemics) †Urbanization †Megacities=megaspread Global economy and sickness †Global exchange IMF/basic alterations and progression diminishes the job of governments (for the most part in giving social insurance) †Trade in food †Change in dietary propensities, union of tastes †Demand for all year accessibilit y of new leafy foods †Products from more affordable work markets, overall fixings and transport †Food might be sullied †Unhygienic water system, bundling rehearses, capacity, non-indigenous harvests increasingly defenseless to indigenous pathogens †E-coli in Germany: 2,800 influenced, 26 dead (91 in EU) †Mad Cow Disease Environmental change and ailment Climate change-an unnatural weather change †Higher surrounding air temperature, precipitation/stickiness (mosquitoes) †Water gracefully dams and so forth †Profound biological changes that influences ailment vectors-most dams related with increment in jungle fever †Deforestation †Increases contact among people and pathogens †Decreases normal predators of infection vectors †Increases in intestinal sickness (spillover water stale in pools) †Loss of biodiversity Jihad and McWorld †Dialectical nature: one can't exist without the other †Babel: retribalization †G lobal jihad against globalization †Disneyland Globalizations †Jihad and McWorld make war on the sovereign country state †Indifference to common freedom †McWorld, center around utilization and â€Å"invisible hand† for basic great (as opposed to equitable establishments), repeal government guidelines †Jihad, wicked legislative issues of personality, rejection and disdain, paternalism and tribalism †Neither worldwide markets nor blood networks administration open merchandise or seek after equity and equity †Future? †In the short run †Jihad liable to overwhelm? †In the since quite a while ago run †McWorld rules? †Convergence of political belief systems? Triumph of progressivism? Intermingling of political societies? Triumph of Western independence? †Or more noteworthy disparity and even clash? Ethnicity †High ethnic solidarity: ready to redistribute assets inside the gathering †No â€Å"master list†; what separates bunches in a single spot may not be significant in another †Example: in Serbia, regular language and culture, yet religion isolates (Hutu and Tutsi) †Ethnicity as a â€Å"social construction†Ã¢â‚¬not characteristically political Ethnic personality †Any particular properties and cultural foundations that make one gathering of individuals socially unique in relation to others Language, religion, geology, customs, history, and others †Ascriptionâ€an personality doled out during childbirth †Largely fixed during our lives Clash of developments †Samuel Huntington: â€Å"The Clash of Civilizations† †â€Å"The next universal war, if there is one, will be a war between civilizations† †De-Westernization and indigenization of social orders †Hinduization of India and Islamic fundamentalism (Iran, Algeria, Egypt, Turkey) †The Confucian-Islamic association †Kin-nation condition (Bosnia, Iraq) †Ci vilizations don't control states; states control civic establishments Interpreted indistinguishable occasions from Fukuyama, however made altogether different ends †¦ †Outlined 7 primary societies (and a potential eighth); compares â€Å"culture† with â€Å"religion†: â€Å"people who share ethnicity and language yet contrast in religion may butcher one another, as occurred in Lebanon, the previous Yugoslavia, and the Subcontinent. † 1. Western 2. Confucian 3. Japanese 4. Islamic 5. Hindu 6. Slavic-Orthodox 7. Latin American 8. Potentially African †Why will they conflict? †Differences are both genuine and essential (â€Å"fundamental†) †World littler because of globalization †Nation-state as wellspring of personality develops more vulnerable Fundamentalist religion becomes more grounded †Backlash against West upgrades human advancement awareness †Cultural contrasts less handily undermined than political and financia l ones (would you be able to be both Catholic and Muslim? ) †Economic regionalism is developing †Result: unfit to assemble support for governments dependent on philosophy, go to religion and human progress personality Environmentalism and the growing south Collectivity Irreducibility Characteristics of ecological issues †Complexity †Interpenetration, contamination not far off. †Temporal and spatial vulnerability †What will occur later on, what amount is it going to influence us. Finality †Holistic in nature, we can't move toward just a single part, we need to think about them overall. †Spontaneity †Things will in general happen quick particularly in ecological debacles. †Collectivity †Collective activity issues, regular pool assets, evading/free-riding Chinese ternion Food security †All individuals consistently have physical and monetary access to adequate, self-nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food inclinati ons for a functioning and solid life. (UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization) †Peak oil, top water, top phosphorus, top grain, and pinnacle fish Green unrest Problems in start of twentieth c: not creating enough food to take care of extending populace †Green Revolution: 1950-1984 †Development of high-yielding assortments of oat grains †Expansion of water system foundation †Hybridized seeds and †Synthetic composts and †Pesticides to ranchers in creating nations †Transformed agribusiness around the world †World rural creation dramatically increased (world grain creation expanded by 250%) †Increased petroleum derivative based vitality use: †Natural gas (for creation of manufactured manures) †Oil (for improvement of pesticides) †Hydrocarbon fuelled water system Unsustainable? (Malthusian contention) †May not really increment food security (other political causes) †Promotion of monocultures, hunger versus malnutriti

Transformational acting Essay Example For Students

Transformational acting Essay Transformational acting is an another procedure our gathering decide to use as it shows the characters current sentiments and crude selves so as to change what their identity is and their passionate extents into that of the characters they depict. In doing as such, they work, make a move and carry on with the truth and way of life of these characters, without utilizing the past or envisioning what's to come. Amir, as storyteller moves in and out time and affects the time changes and entertainer changes. A case of this is in scene two; Amir starts to recount to the account of how he and his family came to be in Australia and in doing so makes the move in time and enterers/turns into the character he is recounting to the tale about. He begins the scene off by causing the crowd to accept he is going to portray the story when all unexpected he begins snatching characters, Stephanie becomes Penny Boulton and Brendan becomes James Boulton and the story proceeds to take an and fascinating turn. This is a successful procedure as it truly connects with the crowd by keeping them charmed in the play as it brings them into the story and is an intriguing method for showcasing the story rather then simply describing it. This was a significant method we decide to use as it was all through the play as a methods for recounting to the story. We will compose a custom article on Transformational acting explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now There where likewise different methods in A Beautiful Life that we decide not to use. The image of the rose being one of them. This was chiefly because of the way that we couldn't sufficiently investigate and build up this thought of opportunity using roses given the measure of time that we have. A Beautiful Life follows the Brechtian, theater of cold-bloodedness and contemporary theater execution shows so as to challenge suspicions reevaluate convictions or reaffirm surenesses. The Brechtian thought of retelling a story or occasions to help the crowds understanding is utilized in our exhibition. The thoughts of equity, maltreatment of intensity and preference are significant issues the joined story of the dissent and the evacuee investigate to convey to an Australian crowd as methods for inciting social change as Brecht shows indented it to be. A case of this is the manner in which our presentation positions the crowd to see the Iranians in a sympthetic way. We show unfeeling, brutal and out of line detainment and its conditions driving the crowd to become talked about with what theyve seen and call for social change. Theater of brutality is the assault on the scenses and targets testing crowds pre imagined thoughts and guiltless originations to make new mindfulness so as the crowd can effectively take this development and change the reason and purposes behind this such extortionary theater, utilizing a moderate stage, lighting and moderate ensembles. Contemporary Australian Drama is the methods wherein a story is created in better approaches to help crowds decipher the thoughts and pictures introduced in the theater. In A Beautiful Life and our play a portion of the one of a kind strategies used to pass on the issues of current auditorium are utilized, these being: transformational acting, storyteller, and non-English language, to pass on present day Australian issues of multiculturalism. Our play utilizes the strategies, shows, foundation and the thoughts introduced in A Beautiful Life to make a little scope form of the joined chronicles of the displaced person performer and the Iranian Embassy fight. We have passed on the thoughts of current Australian issues with respect to multiculturalism, preference, bad form and severity to through a cluster sensational structures and procedures. We have precisely passed on a reflection on the manners by which our Performance mirrors the presentation style, emotional procedures and shows, passes on thoughts and builds up a reaction from the crowd, and mirrors the chronicled and social foundation A Beautiful Life presents.

Typical Ib A1 Hl English Exam Question - 2270 Words

With specific reference to two or three works you have read compare the effects of an identified or unidentified narrative voice. The use of both identified and unidentified narrative voices has been an essential feature in most of the poetry I have studied, as it determines the manner in which the content of the poem is presented. Poets will often use an identified persona to express views which they themselves might disagree with in a negative light, such as in My Last Duchess by Robert Browning. Unidentified personas are often used by poets as well; perhaps to give a more universal application to their poems. Conversely identified personas may understandably be used for the opposite effect of giving the poem a personal and intimate†¦show more content†¦The mother of these sons is also mentioned when the bishop reminisces about â€Å"how fair she was†. He even instructs his sons to paint or engrave a Pan â€Å"[r]eady to twitch [a] Nymph’s last garment off† on his frieze. All the aforementioned characteristics of the bishop’s personality together divulge how materialistic and vain the bishop is, as he does not concern himself much with the spiritual and devotional sides of life during his last dying days but instead tries frenetically to secure his earthly, material riches before ultimately relaxing at the thought that even if he does not attain his decorative tomb, Gandolf will still envy him as his mistress was so fair. The use of the narrative voice of the persona in Self’s the Man by Philip Larkin is quite different from the two previous poems as the persona is not explicitly identified, however there are many features of the poem which suggest that the persona is an imitation of a brash lower middle-class man who is untrained in verse, yet shares many of

Sherlock Holmes and Sigmund Freud Compared - 972 Words

Shabnam Shukrullah Meyers THE SEVEN-PER-CENT SOLUTION In the excerp from the novel The Seven-Per-Cent Solution, Nicholas Meyer’s reveals the true nature of the characters detective Sherlock Holmes and the psychologist Sigmund Freud. Although, both of the characters shared similarities and differences in their professional methods that they used in their career, the two characters were both monumental figures that changed the human history through their brilliance in work. First, there are many similarities between the characters Sherlock Holmes and Sigmund Freud. For example, both Holmes and Freud smoked tobacco preferably both tried cocaine while it was legal during the 19th century. While, Holmes used pipe for a way to get away†¦show more content†¦Holmes uses reasoning when he tells Freud doesnt permit any maid into his private study room evidently because of the dust in Freuds study room. The last method that both used was case-study method that was explanatory an alysis of a person or event. Holmes does uses case study method in order to solve mysteries and find the real criminals, while Freud uses case study by analyzing patterns and finding causes for a person’s behavior. Case study method used by both Holmes and Freud, excelled at bringing a deeper understanding to complex issues through experiences and previous research. In addition to having similar methods, Holmes and Freud also had different strategies in their work. Holmes used a method of using blood patterns in order to know where in the room the blood originated, while Freud used subjects life history in order to know why someone is behaving the way they are. Holmes used magnifying glasses while thoroughly analyzing the events, in contrast Freud used his â€Å"pocket watch† which was used for hypnosis especially for cocaine addicts. In the scene when Freud claims that he can stop the compulsion of Holmes cocaine addiction by practicing hypnotism on him, Holmes angril y responds by asking do you propose to make me bark like a dog and crawl about on all fours? which indicates that Holmes doesnt believe in hypnosis and thinks it is a type of trick used by clowns. The third difference inShow MoreRelated Sherlock Holmes: Explore the reasons behind the enduring popularity.3737 Words   |  15 PagesSherlock Holmes: Explore the reasons behind the enduring popularity. One of the main reasons for the enduring popularity of Sherlock Holmes from the time it was written to the present day was the way that all the stories were told through the eyes of Dr. Watson. This showed how incredible Sherlock Holmes was when his own powers of deduction could see a lot more clues and evidence from the same hat as we the reader could see. Also with Watson being the narrator, we are kept in suspense asRead MoreThis Tournament Goes to Eleven4982 Words   |  20 PagesBertha Pappenheim. Sandor Ferenczi and Otto Rank were among the original followers of, For 10 points, what author of Moses and Monotheism, Beyond the Pleasure Principle, and The Interpretation of Dreams who founded psychoanalysis. ANSWER: Sigmund Schlomo Freud 12. During this time, a pilgrimage of 33 Kannon was established that started and ended at so-called eleven-headed temples. A title meaning tent government was created for administrators. The warrior families loyal to Go-Toba rebelled againstRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesof how a quartz crystal oscillator works in a clock. The passage also provides some additional description of the inside of a clock that uses the oscillator. c. Like passage (b), this one describes the inner workings of a certain kind of clock. Compared to (b), it is harder to tell whether any explanation is present, but probably one is present. To tell whether an explanation is present, the reader must look at what is said, then try to reconstruct the intentions in the mind of the speaker. If

The Beginning of Radicalism in Politics - 1684 Words

It is said that the English Whig politician Charles James Fox first used the term ‘radicalism’ in 1797 when he declared a radical reform of the electoral system. This led people to use the term to show support for the movement of parliamentary reform. Radicalism was initially confined to the middle and upper classes in the 18th century but the lower classes advanced radicalism in the early 1800’s. Radicalism began for many reasons. The Scottish people began to see radical change through the Scottish enlightenment, the American Revolution and the French Revolution. Ideas of a Scottish enlightenment began in the 1670s, but it really started in the 18th century. The Scottish enlightenment is the period in the 18th century when Scotland became of the most important intellectual centres in the western world for their outpouring of intellectual and scientific accomplishments. By the middle of the 18th century, Scotland was fully established and known as a major centre of scientific and philosophical thinking. Three of the key contributors to the Scottish enlightenment were Adam Smith, David Hume and Joseph Black. Voltaire, a French enlightenment writer, wrote â€Å"We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilisation†. The American Revolution began as a political turmoil which took place between 1775 and 1783. It occurred when the thirteen American colonies broke from the British Empire to form an independent nation called the United States of America. This Revolution was causedShow MoreRelatedWhy did the governments of the interregnum fail to find an acceptable settlement in politics and religion? (45)887 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore, Cromwell was a major source of division and was said to be an ideological schizophrenic (Worden). 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Philosophy Kants Universal L Essay Example For Students

Philosophy Kants Universal L Essay Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of theCategorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. This formula is a two part test. First, one creates a maxim andconsiders whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rationalbeings. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it tobe a universal law. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both prongsof the test, there are no exceptions. As a paramedic faced with adistraught widow who asks whether her late husband suffered in hisaccidental death, you must decide which maxim to create and based on thetest which action to perform. The maxim when answering a widowsinquiry as to the nature and duration of her late husbands death, oneshould always tell the truth regarding the nature of her late husbandsdeath (M1) passes both parts of the Universal Law Formation of theCategorical Imperative. Consequently, according to Kant, M1 is a moralaction. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the CategoricalImperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to allrational beings. M1 succeeds in passing the first stage. We can easilyimagine a world in which paramedics always answer widows truthfully whenqueried. Therefore, this maxim is logical and everyone can abide by itwithout causing a logical impossibility. The next logical step is toapply the second stage of the test. The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maximto become a universal law. In testing this part, you must decide whetherin every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correctaction is to tell the truth. First, it is clear that the widow expectsto know the truth. A lie would only serve to spare her feelings if shebelieved it to be the truth. Therefore, even people who would considerlying to her, must concede that the correct and expected action is totell the truth. By asking she has already decided, good or bad, that shemust know the truth. What if telling the truth brings the widow to the point where shecommits suicide, however? Is telling her the truth then a moral actionalthough its consequence is this terrible response? If telling thewidow the truth drives her to commit suicide, it seems like no rationalbeing would will the maxim to become a universal law. The suicide is,however, a consequence of your initial action. The suicide has nobearing, at least for the Categorical Imperative, on whether telling thetruth is moral or not. Likewise it is impossible to judge whether uponhearing the news, the widow would commit suicide. Granted it is apossibility, but there are a multitude of alternative choices that shecould make and it is impossible to predict each one. To decide whetherrational being would will a maxim to become a law, the maxim itself mustbe examined rationally and not its consequences. Accordingly, the maximpasses the second test. Conversely, some people might argue that in telling the widow a lie,you spare her years of torment and suffering. These supporters of whitelies feel the maxim should read, When facing a distraught widow, youshould lie in regards to the death of her late husband in order to spareher feelings. Applying the first part of the Universal Law Formation ofthe Categorical Imperative, it appears that this maxim is a moral act. Certainly, a universal law that prevents the feelings of people who arealready in pain from being hurt further seems like an excellentuniversal law. Unfortunately for this line of objection, the only reasona lie works is because the person being lied to believes it to be thetruth. In a situation where every widow is lied to in order to spare herfeelings, then they never get the truth. This leads to a logicalcontradiction because no one will believe a lie if they know it a lieand the maxim fails. .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .postImageUrl , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:hover , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:visited , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:active { border:0!important; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:active , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Medea By Euripides EssayPerhaps the die-hard liar can regroup and test a narrower maxim. If itis narrow enough so that it encompasses only a few people, then itpasses the first test. For example, the maxim could read, When facing adistraught widow whose late husband has driven off a bridge at night,and he struggled to get out of the car but ended up drowning, and he waswearing a brown suit and brown loafers, then you should tell the widowthat he died instantly in order to spare her feelings. We can easilyimagine a world in which all paramedics lied to widows in this specificsituation. That does not necessarily mean that it will pass the second testhowever. Even if it does pass the first test, narrowing down maxim cancreate other problems. For instance circumstances may change and thepeople who were originally included in the universal law, may not beincluded anymore. Consequently you many not want to will your maxim tobe a universal law. Likewise, if one person can make these maxims thatinclude only a select group of people, so can everyone else. If youcreate a maxim about lying to widows that is specific enough to pass thefirst test, so can everyone else. One must ask if rational beings wouldreally will such a world in which there would be many, many specific,but universal, laws. In order to answer this question, one must use therational I for the statement I, as a rational being would will such aworld, not the specific, embodied I which represents you in yourpresent condition. You must consider that you could be the widow in thesituation rather than the paramedi c, then decide whether you would willsuch a universal law. I agree with the morality based on Kantian principles because it isstrict in its application of moral conduct. Consequently there is novacillating in individual cases to determine whether an action is moralor not. An action is moral in itself not because of its consequences butbecause any rational being wills it to be a universal law and it doesnot contradict itself. Regardless of what the widow does with theinformation, the act of telling her the truth, is a moral one. No onewould argue that telling the truth, if she asks for it, is an immoralthing to do. Sometimes moral actions are difficult, and perhaps in thissituation it would be easier to lie to the widow, but it would still bean immoral action that I would not want everyone to do. This picture ofmorality resonates with my common sense view of morality. If the widowsubsequently commits suicide or commits any other immoral act as aconsequence, that has no bearing on the morality of the original actionin itself. Utilitarianism would differ on this point. Utilitarianism outlines thatan action is moral if it increases the total happiness of society. Morality is based on consequences. Telling a lie to the widow wouldincrease her happiness and consequently would, at least possibly, be amoral action. Utilitarianism would also take into account the precedentset by lying; however, the analysis still rests on predicted consequencerather than on the actions intrinsic moral value. The morality oftelling the lie is on a case by case basis. In some situations, it mightbe better to tell the truth, and according to utilitarianism that wouldthen be the moral action. Unlike Kantian philosophy, one is not bound byan immutable universal law. Instead one must judge in each case whichaction will produce the most overall happiness. The problem with thisapproach is that morality loses any value as a universal or intrinsicquality. Every decision is made on an individual basis in an individualand specific situation. In fact, utilitarianism considers happiness tobe the only intrinsically valuable end. .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .postImageUrl , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:hover , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:visited , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:active { border:0!important; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:active , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal: The Yemin Order Project EssayDefenders of utilitarianism claim that it maintains universality byconsidering the greatest happiness of all beings, rather than justindividual happiness. Still, the morality is based on constantlychanging and often unpredictable consequences. The requirement that oneconsider all of the consequences of an action and determine the bestpossible action through such calculations makes me reject utilitarianismas a method of determining morality. Although utilitarianism often offers the easier solution to performbecause it produces immediate gratification and allows many exceptionsto common sense moral codes, the answers it gives are unfill ing andunrealistic. Furthermore, it is difficult, if not impossible, to makeall of the required calculations beforehand. Kants solution, althoughas interpreted by Kant is sometimes overly extreme, is much better thanutilitarianism. It resonates with my moral sensibilities to considerthat actions are moral or immoral regardless of their immediateconsequences. I am willing to accept that sometimes the moral action isharder to perform, but I am unwilling to accept that morality restswithin the specifics of a situation and the possible consequences. Therefore, I consider Kants Universal Law Formation of the CategoricalImperative to be a better test of morality than Mills Utilitarianism.

Winchesters Bid to Host the 7th World Summit on Art Culture 2017 A Critical Analyses of Strengths Weaknesses

Introduction Cities are not only increasingly competing to host international cultural events to improve their image and stimulate urban infrastructural development, but also to revitalize their economies and attract more visitors and investment. This phenomenon can be associated with the effects of a globalized world economy (Hede Kellett, 2011), as well as a general increase in competition between cities, regions and countries for the attention of noteworthy stakeholders, including customers, investors and policy makers (Richards Wilson, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Winchester’s Bid to Host the 7th World Summit on Art Culture 2017: A Critical Analyses of Strengths Weaknesses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Available literature demonstrates that since the 1980s, a rising number of cities are becoming interested in attracting major international events as they are perceived as valuable vect ors of economic and tourism development, as well as ensuring sustainable development by stimulating ecological, social and economic benefits Proposal Aim Objectives As parts of its events-led regeneration strategy, Winchester City aims to successfully bid for the rights to co-host the 7th World Summit on Arts and Culture coming up in 2017. The objectives are to attract more visitors and to arouse cultural consumption among the population, while positioning Winchester City as a global tourist and cultural destination Overview/Background Information The World Summit on Arts and Culture The World Summit on Arts and Culture is a triennial international event of its kind, which serves as â€Å"†¦a platform for national arts councils, ministries of culture, arts and cultural policy decision makers, artists and community leaders to discuss strategies affecting public support for arts and culture at a national and global level† (IFACCA, 2011a para. 2). Members and affiliates of International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (IFACCA) are encouraged to participate and the conventions are open to any individual with an interest in national and international artistic and cultural trajectories. This mega-event, co-hosted by the national arts council of the winning country and IFACCA, attracts an estimated 500 delegates from over 80 countries into the hosting city for a period ranging from 4-5 days to discuss the issues at hand (IFACCA, 2011b). International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies Inaugurated in December 2000, the International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (IFACCA) owns the right to co-host the World Summit on Arts and Culture with the National Arts Council of any member country that has succeeded to bid for the rights to hold the event. This implies that IFACCA is the event owner and one of its core responsibilities is to invite the national councils of member countries to submit bidding documents/p roposals to host the event. IFACCA is also responsible for determining a set process for bidding and the schedule and time-frame by which the bidding process should be completed.Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bidding City: Winchester Winchester, England, is a vivacious â€Å"†¦heritage destination just an hour south west of London, with world class attractions and architecture including a magnificent cathedral, award-winning pubs and restaurants and a tempting array of independent shops† (Winchester City Council, 2012 para. 1). Winchester is the perfect destination for hosting international cultural events and Expos due to its rich culturally-diverse medieval settings, surrounded by magnificent rolling countryside and tranquil Hampshire villages. The city has a resident population of about 45,000 people, and is home to â€Å"†¦a number of large public sector employers, including the University of Winchester, Winchester Prison, Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Hampshire County Council and Winchester City Council† (Hampshire County Council, 2011 p. 7). Analysis of the Internal Strengths Weaknesses of the Summit This section aims to critically evaluate the internal factors to the global summit, which could heavily influence the trajectory and outcome of the bidding process, particularly in relation to the focussed attempt by Winchester to bid for the rights to host the 2017 summit. Strengths This international artistic and cultural event â€Å"†¦provides opportunities for attendees to have memorable experiences, communities to build social capital, and for the governments to induce new income into their economies through tourism and business activities† (Hede Kellett, 2011 p. 987). The summit is known to provide a sense of flexibility to fixed structures, as well as delivering a source of spectacle which adds to the ima ge value and reputation of cities. In particular, this summit often embodies a less costly means of distinguishing places, encourage people to visit a place more than once, and produce substantial media interest that could be used by the event organizers to market the city through the prism of internationalization or globalization (Richards Wilson, 2004; Leonardsen et al, 2010). Weaknesses The global summit, as is the case with other international mega-events, has its own risks, which must be critically evaluated and contingency plans drawn to ensure successful hosting of the event. Among the inherent risks noted in hosting an event of this nature and scope, the event organizers may fail to secure the required funding to deliver the summit, not mentioning that that the organizers may also fail to engage the local population, resulting in a scenario where the event is incapable of attracting a wider audience (Schneider, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Winchester’s Bid to Host the 7th World Summit on Art Culture 2017: A Critical Analyses of Strengths Weaknesses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Being a global artistic and cultural outreach program, the summit is always faced with the risks associated with poor artistic programming, failure to attract headline performers and artists and, consequently, failure to secure the Summit’s intended legacy. Lastly, it is well known that international cultural events often fail to attract the political support necessary to make the hosting of these events a success (Schneider, 2010). Effective contingency plans must therefore be available to ensure these risks are successfully dealt with. External Analyses of the Bidding City There are a number of predominant external factors which could unequivocally influence Winchester City’s bid to be accorded the rights to host the upcoming summit. This section aims to utilize a numb er of strategic planning tools, including PESTLE, SWOT and Porter’s 5 Forces analyses, to critically evaluate Winchester’s position to competitively bid for, and host, the summit in 2017. PESTLE Analysis Bidding cities have their own weaknesses and strengths that intrinsically influence the current and future performance of their bidding processes. By employing the PESTLE framework, the event organizers for the 2017 bid are able to effectively assess the current environment, as well as future shifts in the environment that are bound to predominantly influence Winchester’s attempt to successfully bid for, and host, the 2017 event. It is widely expected that the adoption of the PESTLE framework, which details the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors affecting or influencing an entity (Henry, 2008), will go a long way to assist Winchester maintain a competitive advantage over other candidate cities for the upcoming summit. Con sequently, the results of the PESTLE analysis are presented below in an attempt to underline the external factors influencing Winchester’s bid. Political The government is unswerving in its resolve to ensure that the United Kingdom (UK) is in a position to aggressively bid for, and host, major international sporting and cultural events, not mentioning that it acknowledges the fact that bids are reinforced if the government is ready and willing to lend active support. The ultimate event organizer, which is the UK Art and Culture Council, is likely to continue to maintain a powerful control over the global artistic and cultural scene, with more centralized sponsorship and media deals, which in many instances translate into valuable income streams for the Council. Winchester’s bid to host the 2017 summit also draws considerable support from the UK’s strong reputation to successfully bid and host major international events such as the Capital of Culture event held i n 2008 in Liverpool. Lastly, Winchester enjoys strong public/private partnerships, which will continue to play a substantial role in the planning and funding of national, regional and international events (Leonardsen, 2007; Maughan Branchini, 2004).Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A constraint to Winchester’s bid to host the 2017 summit comes in the form of a shifting focus of central government funding, which will persist to generate an uncertainty in relation to public funding trajectories, particularly in relation to community and cultural-oriented activities funded by the public purse (Jackson, 2010). Economic Hosting the 2017 World Summit on Arts and Culture will trigger an increase in tourism and investment in the UK in general and Winchester in particular. Such an increase will continue to form a critical component in the revenue generation of the city and the wider local economy. By bidding to host the 2017 summit, Winchester is setting out on a journey of unprecedented economic and infrastructural regeneration in which art and culture will be used to purposefully transform a city with a rich cultural history. This event is also likely to stimulate the globalization of culture and access of British artistic and cultural artefacts and presentati ons to international markets. Additionally, the interaction between the delegates attending the summit and local businesses is likely to spur economic growth in terms of food purchases, accommodation, conference services and investment opportunities (Westerbeek et al, 2002; Maughan Branchini, 2004). This interaction is also likely to elevate the image and reputation of the city to international visitors and investors. The current global economic climate, however, presents a constraint to Winchester’s bid to successfully bid and host the 2017 event, in large part because the trend continues to restrict the growth and expansion of many artistic and cultural activities due to a noted reduction in leisure spending as the UK and international economy continues to contract (Jackson, 2010). Social The UK’s population has being ageing, and research demonstrates that the elderly identifies more with artistic and cultural events than the youth, who are passionately interested i n sporting events (Schneider, 2010). This observation creates a ready audience to consume the summit should the event owners grant the rights to host the 2017 summit to Winchester due to the leisure interests of the ageing population. Winchester city has a long tradition of a being a world heritage site, thus it can be positively argued that the attitudes and values of the local population are aligned to the importance of preserving culture and various art forms, as well as employing culture to achieve local and national development targets (Schneider, 2010). The attitudes of the local population regarding culture and art imply that the global event will have a ready audience. These characteristics are likely to add fire to the event, opening up new possibilities and opportunities for the hosting city, particularly in relation to occasioning more tangible and intangible benefits, as well as raising local confidence and self-belief and promoting connectivity, partnership and a superf icial-facing focus. However, the bidding team takes cognizance of the fact that it must prepare mitigating measures to tackle the rising number of security threats, particularly the threats posed by international terrorist networks against Western targets. The ageing population may also lack disposable income to attend such events due to the fact that they are no longer in active employment. Technological Winchester City boasts of modern state-of-the-art conference and convention facilities, with ready broadband internet access portals, digitals TVs, telephone portals and other value additions intended to make the living experience in these facilities memorable. It is home to renowned world class universities such as the University of Winchester, implying that research, development and innovation are some of the critical assets held by the city. Greater exploitation of these critical assets is likely to significantly benefit the hosting of the event, particularly in relation to cont ent development, enhanced accessibility, communications and marketing. Additionally, Winchester County Council, in conjunction with institutions of higher learning and other public institutions, has embarked on an ambitious program to introduce new media technologies. It is of substantial interest to note that the continued access to and investment in these modern media technologies with the aim to reduce operational costs, improve quality of life, and stimulate more innovative concepts (Leonardsen, 2007). Legal The current government legislations relating to hosting of international sports and cultural events demands that event organizers efficiently utilize resources, minimize waste and desecration of vital assets, and effectively respond to underlying issues in climate change. Particularly, the event organizers are obliged by various British statutes and Winchester City bylaws to, among other tings, reduce carbon emissions while hosting an international event using a range of mea sures, such as green travel plans, energy saving strategies, waste and noise reduction, sustainable consumption patterns and exploring the alternatives available to use renewable energy (Richards Wilson, 2004). The main constraints to these legal requirements, however, are lack of awareness of the issues and statutes relating to climate change, potential costs implications involved in implementing the directives, and the absence of a way that could be used by the event organizers to recoup the tangible and intangible resources used on these initiatives. Environmental Winchester in particular and the UK in general have stable weather patterns, making the hosting of such a global event a reality. Most conference and convention facilities located in Winchester are energy-efficient, implying that the event organizers will not incur further costs related to a lack of technical capabilities of the hosting venues. However, the current global environmental outlook, characterized by such ph enomena as global warming and pollution, will ultimately trigger a move towards more environmentally friendly products and processes – a move that may lessen the bidding city’s economic and social regeneration consequential to development due to short-term costs related to providing environmentally friendly products and processes for the delegates and audience attending the event (Martins Sera, 2011). SWOT Analysis Strategic management research demonstrates that â€Å"†¦the use of SWOT analysis allows organizations to maximize their strengths, minimize their weaknesses, take advantage of their opportunities and overcome their weaknesses† (Fine, 2009 p. 3). This section aims to analyse the opportunities and threats (external factors) influencing the success of Winchester’s bid to host the 2017 World Summit on Arts and Culture. Opportunities for Winchester The success of Winchester’s bid to host the 2017 international artistic and cultural even t will be intrinsically influenced by the city’s innovative funding models, which necessitate the attainment of synergies and competitive leverage between the public and public sectors. A good example includes a cross subsidy between major supermarket chains operating in the area and Winchester County Council to fund new infrastructure expansion programs. Second, there exist a strong desire and willingness for major stakeholders to network and partner to make the dream of hosting the 2017 event a reality. Networking, partnership and sharing best practices is overwhelmingly perceived as an opportunity by the event organizers and conference facility owners, particularly in the light of ensuring that those who will participate in the event will have a memorable experience. Third, the organizing committee is of the view that the hosting of this event in Winchester will act as a significant income generator, while ensuring the city achieves national and international exposure (Leo nardsen, 2007). Lastly, there exist a real opportunity for the local population and delegates to facilitate and promote knowledge transfer by encouraging information sharing for the benefits of entrenching a lasting legacy for Winchester, particularly as a renowned heritage site. Threats for Winchester There has been ongoing speculation about a decline in public sector funding for the hosting of such events, mainly because of the current political and economic climate, as well as the channelling of investments elsewhere (Jackson, 2010). This speculation has occasioned increased risk and uncertainty, particularly in relation to the issue of outlining funding decisions, and may impact negatively on the event organizers’ capacity to access finance from banks and other lending institutions for specific projects and developments. Additionally, the widespread recognition by the international audience that the UK’s economy is on a downturn may impact negatively on Winchesterà ¢â‚¬â„¢s bid to host the 2017 World Summit on Arts and Culture. Indeed, the current economic recession may translate into lost sponsorship deals for upcoming major international events. Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis The Porter’s 5 Forces model is one of the mostly used analytical frameworks in evaluating the competitive external environment with a view to understand the dynamics of the competitive structure in a particular sector or industry (Henry, 2008). The five forces that determine the competitive nature and overall long-term profitability of the sector include: ‘threat of market entry by new entrants; threat of alternatives; bargaining power of buyers; bargaining power of suppliers, and; the extent of rivalry between existing competitors (Henry, 2008). The decision to host the World Summit on Arts and Culture in a particular candidate city is ultimately made by IFACCA, implying that the international body cannot be evaluated against other bodies and agencies t o determine the level of competitiveness since IFACCA operates a monopoly in announcing decisions on successful cities to host the event. In terms of the competition faced by Winchester in ensuring that it is given the rights to host the 2017 edition of the event, the event organizers recognizes the presence of more developed and culture-centric cities bidding for the same event. To win the event, therefore, Winchester must develop the capacity to anticipate the moves made by the other candidate cities and also be conscious of the probability of having to compete with other new entrants for the rights to host the event. The conference/convention owners also form a critical component of Winchester’s matrix in bidding for the event because these owners are perceived as the suppliers of the facilities that will facilitate the event. Consequently, the relationship established by these suppliers and the event organizers for Winchester’s bid will ultimately determine the suc cess of the city in requesting for the rights to hold the event. A Critical Review of the Key Success Factors for the Event The evaluation done in the preceding sections of this bidding proposal identifies at least 5 success factors for Winchester’s bid to host the 2017 World Summit on Arts and Culture, namely: availability of modern conference facilities; solid foundation of public support for Winchester to pursue the bid to host the event; excellent record for handling a large influx of visitors/delegates to any kind of international event; excellent record of bidding for, and winning, the opportunity to host major international events, and; the presence of a target audience that values arts and culture. In the availability of modern facilities, this analysis has demonstrated that Winchester has a number of modern conference centres fitted with the latest amenities, including round-the-clock broadband internet access, telephone facilities and accommodation. The event owners , according to Swart Bob (2004), must be fully satisfied that a candidate city has the necessary facilities and infrastructure before committing the bid to host the event to that city. The support of the local population is of immense importance in bidding to host an international event of this nature because of the fact that it is the public and visitors who are largely expected to consume the presentations made during the event, hence giving the event its economic and social dimension. The UK has an outstanding record of handling a large influx of visitors/delegates to any kind of international event. This record may form the basis for consideration of Winchester to host the 2017 edition, particularly against the backdrop of ensuring the safety and security of delegates in a time when international terrorism is on the increase (Heslop et al, 2010). Equally, the UK has an outstanding record of bidding for, and winning, the opportunity to host major international events, with a maj or hall mark being the hosting of the 2012 Olympics Games in London. The outstanding record of winning the rights to host major events implies that there are many examples of best practice that the bidding team for the 2017 event could draw upon to enhance their chances of success. Lastly, the city prides itself of a huge following of artistic and cultural lovers, particularly due to its ageing population. This audience will greatly assist in bringing the material, economic and spiritual support needed for Winchester to win the bid for the hosting of the 2017 event. An Analysis of Strategic Options Available to Ensure Successful Hosting Based on a review of existing literature, the PESTLE analysis, the SWOT analysis and Porter’s 5 Forces analysis, the event organizers have identified two strategic priorities that need to be effectively addressed for Winchester city to succeed in its attempt to bid for the rights to hold the 2017 World Summit on Arts and Culture. These priorit ies, which have been identified using the Ansoff’s Product/Market Matrix, bears some level of overlap as discussed below. These priorities, if well addressed, will form the basis for justifying why IFACCA should give the rights to hold the 2017 event to Winchester City. It should be noted that the matrix is basically a tool that assists business entities to decide their product and market growth strategy guided by the assumption that the entity’s attempt to grow intrinsically depend on whether it market new or existing products/services in new or existing markets (Jackson, 2010). Priority 1: Winchester aspires to become a world cultural and heritage site, and have some of the most exquisite locations to show in the whole of UK. The local population and the political base of the city readily identify with artistic and cultural-related activities and discourses as the city is usually evaluated under the lens of art and culture (Jackson, 2010). The strategic priority, the refore, is to reinforce the already existing connections between the city and art/culture. This can be done using Ansoff’s growth strategy of market penetration by selling the existing artistic and cultural attractions to the local and international audience. The hosting of the 2017 event will therefore act as a catalyst for the city to secure its dominance of being a world cultural city through the employment of various strategies, including the creation of awareness about the city and its product offerings, advertising, and increasing the number of people visiting the city. Here, IFACCA is justified to give the rights to host the 2017 event to Winchester due to the city’s already existing reputation as a major world heritage site, a local population that readily identifies with artistic and cultural events, and a broad political support for the event. Priority 2: Winchester city has a relatively good level of overlap between tourism and the hosting of important natio nal and international events. However, it is generally felt that closer collaboration between these critical variable could serve as an important ingredient in leveraging substantial economic and social benefits for the city. The strategic priority, therefore, is for the bidding team to come up with viable ways to bring all stakeholders on board in attempts aimed at marketing major tourist attractions in the city through the hosting of major events. This can be successfully achieved using Ansoff’s concept of market development in that local stakeholders will be seeking to sell existing tourist attractions located in the city to new markets brought about by converging local people and international visitors into the city to participate in major events (Morden, 2007). Here, Winchester is justified to receive the rights to host the 2017 summit due to its ability to come up with new and enticing tourist attractions, as well as new ways of repackaging the sites to ensure they leav e a memorable experience to visitors. Recommendations to Strategy Approach The various analysis conducted in this bidding proposal have exposed a number of weaknesses that need to be addressed to reinforce Winchester’s chances of successfully bidding for the rights to host the 2017 World Summit on Art and Culture. To effectively deal with the issue of improving access to funding opportunities, the bidding team need to take contingency plans aimed at leveraging wider investment opportunities and identifying additional sources of funding rather than over relying on public funding streams. For instance, the team could develop innovative funding models such as raffles and competitions to raise the capital needed to organize a successful bid. To alter the public and the event owners’ perceptions about the ailing UK economy, the bid team, in conjunction with other interested stakeholders, could organize joint marketing initiatives on television and other communication medium s with the aim to portray the city as a place of resilient economic and cultural growth and regeneration driven by the presence of world-class cultural and heritage sites, as well as other major attractions such as a huge concentration of renowned public sector employers, including the University of Winchester (Hampshire County Council, 2011). Conclusion A strand of existing literature (Westerbeek et al, 2002; Martins Sera, 2011) demonstrates that cities are increasingly bidding to host major international events due to the positive economic and social ramifications associated with these events. These events have also been positively correlated with rapid infrastructural development and identity and image building for the hosting cities (Swart Bob, 2004). To achieve these benefits, however, cities need to employ strategic management and decision-making tools to inform their bidding and hosting strengths and weaknesses, as well as to establish existing priorities that could be effe ctively used to capitalize on existing opportunities while attempting to alter the perceived threats into probable alternatives. This bidding proposal concludes that Winchester City, Britain, has all what it takes to successfully bid for, and host, the 2017 World Summit on Arts and Culture. The justification for this conclusion is heavily derived on the various analyses undertaken in preceding sections of this document, as well as the analysis of critical success factors for Winchester/s bid. While some analyses demonstrates the city’s innate strengths in holding the event, some critical success factors, such as the availability of modern conference facilities, public support for art and culture, and an excellent record for holding such international events, will inarguably influence IFACCA’s decision on which city is best suited to host the 2017 edition of the event. These factors are unique to Winchester, thus there is a predominant possibility that city is destined to win the rights to host the event. List of References Fine, L. G. (2009). The SWOT Analysis: Using your Strengths to Overcome Weaknesses, Using your Opportunities to Overcome Threats. New York: CreateSpace. Hampshire County Council (2011). Winchester Town Access Plan. Web. Hede, A. M., Kellett, P (2011). Marketing Communications for Special Events: Analyzing Managerial Practice, Consumer Perceptions and Preferences. European Journal of Marketing, 45 (6), pp. 987-1004. Henry, A (2008). Understanding Strategic Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press Heslop, L. A., Nadeau, J., O’Reilly, N (2010). China and the Olympics: Views of Insiders and Outsiders. International Marketing Review, 27 (4), pp. 404-433. International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (2011a). 7th World Summit on Arts and Culture 2017 – Bidding Guidelines to be released. Web. International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (2011). IFACCA Announces Host for 6th World S ummit on Arts and Culture. Web. International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (2012). Web. Jackson, M. O. (2010). Social and Economic Networks. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Leonardsen, D. (2007). Planning of Mega Events: Experiences and Lessons. Planning Theory Practice, 8 (1), pp. 11-30. Martins, A., Serra, A. (2011). Market Impact of International Sporting and Cultural Events. Journal of Economics Finance, 35 (4), pp. 382-416. Maughan, C., Bianchini, F (2004). The Economic and Social Impact of Cultural Festivals in the East Midlands of England. Web. Morden, T. (2007). Principles of Strategic Management. London. Ashgate Publishing Richards, G., Wilson J. (2004). The Impact of Cultural Events on City Image: Rotterdam, Cultural Capital of Europe 2001. Urban Studies, 41 (10), pp. 1931-1951. Schneider, C. P. (2010). The unrealized Potential of Cultural Diplomacy: â€Å"Best Practices† and what could be, if only. Journal of Arts Management, Law S ociety, 39 (4), pp. 260-279. Swart, K., Bob, U. (2004). The Seductive Discourse of Development: The Cape Town 2004 Olympic Bid. Third World Quarterly, 25 (7), pp. 1311-1324. Westerbeek, H. M., Turner, P., Ingerson, L. (2002). Key Success Factors in Bidding for Hall Mark Sporting Events. International Marketing Review, 19 (3), pp. 303-322. Winchester City Council (2012). Visit Winchester. Web. This report on Winchester’s Bid to Host the 7th World Summit on Art Culture 2017: A Critical Analyses of Strengths Weaknesses was written and submitted by user Jessica Sherman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How will your system benefit at least one person in the Health Centre Essays

How will your system benefit at least one person in the Health Centre Essays How will your system benefit at least one person in the Health Centre Essay How will your system benefit at least one person in the Health Centre Essay The receptionist will be greatly helped by the new system. It will mean that they are not wasting their time telling patients repetitive information, such as opening times, that could just as easily have been displayed in the new system. It also means that they do not have to spend any time producing posters or the like, to display information like the policies. This means more time can be spent with the patients and doing more vital administrative tasks. In the long run, this may help the Health Centre as a whole, because it may mean they dont have to employ another receptionist, as the work the original receptionist is doing is very specific.2. What are the drawbacks of using your new system?There are several drawbacks with the system, which could have catastrophic effects. If there was a power cut, the supply to all computers and the system would be cut off, so they would no longer work. This may force the Health Centre to close temporarily. Or there could be computer failure, would mean the receptionist would have a much harder task, also because she would have to explain what went wrong. In extreme circumstances, the whole system may be lost due to the breakdown of the memory in the computer, which would have terrible side effects. This may mean that the whole system may need to be produced again, which may be quite expensive.The system could also be vandalised, especially as it will be situated outside. This may consist of having graffiti sprayed onto it or the screen being broken. This may cost the Health Centre a large sum, and it may also mean that they could not afford for it to be fixed, which would more tedious work.3. What have you learned from your experiences whilst creating your system?I have learned to use the programme of PhotoFiltre, whereas before, the only graphics software I was familiar with using was PaintShopPro. This has allowed me to expand on my skills, and make more complex graphics.I have also learned how vi tal it is to save work on a regular basis, just in case something goes wrong with the system. One time, I had not saved my work that day, and an automatic error appeared, meaning I lost all that work. To prevent this, I need to click on the picture of the floppy disk, which is linked to the Save As, on a regular basis.4. Can you suggest possible improvements that could be made to your system in the future?To further expand the system, it could be adapted to fit onto a website. This would allow people to access the system from the comfort of their own home, which is a lot more convenient, especially for people who are housebound. Also, more complex graphics and animations could be put onto the system, detailing other events too, because peoples home computers would be much more equipped to deal with that than the screen at the Health Centre.

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Copmleat my resarch - Essay Example The participation was anonymous. The questions used in the interviews were semi-structured. The first part of the interview consisting of six questions involved gathering some demographic data of the subjects. Some of this data is summarised in the table below. Personal names and the departments they work in are not included. This was followed by the further questions directly related to the purpose. Gender Age Home town University Interviewee 1 Male 39 Jeddah King Abdul Aziz University Interviewee 2 Male - Jeddah King Abdul Aziz University Interviewee 3 Interviewee 4 Findings from interviewee 1 The actual responses from the first interview are contained in Appendix B1. A summary follows. The department at King Abdul Aziz University began offering rich educational resources in multiple media for both real-time and asynchronous communication between instructors and learners nearly five years ago. Their distance education students receive the same, and their academic programmes are ful l of activities, animations and simulations. Student participation takes place through online discussions and group assignments and the material is available all the time from anywhere at their own convenience. The deanship is actively involved in research projects to ascertain student levels and satisfaction, and feedback ensures continuous improvement. Experiences are also shared with other institutions to develop collaboration and learn new things. The department’s objectives and goal is to â€Å"effectively contribute and support scientific development witnessed by the kingdom in general and King Abdulaziz University in particular†. Thirteen services are listed under the departmental contributions, which include (but are not limited to) the following: Provision of technical services Supervision of software programs and database Maintenance and monitoring of distance learning systems Updating software programs for raising the efficiency of educational processes The web applications in use by the department are an e-learning management electronic system (EMES), a virtual classroom system called CENTRA, the KAU electronic exam system and mobile learning. EMES is an integrated computer system for managing the educational process and facilitate interaction between students and faculty members. The CENTRA allows for instructors and students to participate in real time lessons and discussions with the aim to improve students’ learning experience. It is accessible via the Internet 24/7, and during the sessions, all tools are accessible at the discretion of the instructors such as questioning, drawing and participation. The KAU electronic exam is designed to provide an interactive experience for periodic tests and end of semester exams. The material is motivating and provides accurate data. It assesses achievement and provides reliable data. KAU also has plans to introduce mobile learning for mobile phones to enable to students to learn at thei r convenience. The method used for managing web projects is PMP. The website is updated whenever the need arises or new events occur and a link is available on the site to measure user satisfaction. The interviewee among a web development group used these methods. Its advantages are that everything is clear and there is a big documentation. As far as using agile methods is concerned, the interviewee had used it over a year ago but did not have much information about it and was not sure which kind

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Discussion - Essay Example They develop socio-psychological problems, resulting in low confidence and low adjustment within the given paradigm and become ‘depressed’. The widespread implications of depression amongst the employees significantly impacting the economic performance, socio-psychological well being of the workforce and organizational capabilities become urgent issues that need to be addressed. Effective interventions and treatment of the mental illness needs to be taken by from the holistic point of view because holistic approach treats the disease, not as an isolated event but as part of the wider perspectives that takes into account the physical, mental and social aspect of the individuals. Harter, Schmidt and Keyes (2003) assert that ‘presence of positive emotional state and positive appraisals of the workers and his or her relationships within the workplace accentuate workers performance and quality of life’. The job satisfaction, encouraging work environment and leadership initiatives that work towards mutual respect, shared learning and understanding become major facilitating agents of improved performance. Empowered workforce and proactive management promote positive attitude and impetus for higher level of achievement. Thus mental and physical wellbeing of the workers becomes important consideration for management, consultants and employees. (279) Through the ages behavioral scientists have tried to explain human behavior for the wider welfare of human race. Human behavior under normal and excruciating circumstances differ widely and is often subject to one’s approach and understanding of the issue that broadly confines to individual’s choice and thereby his or her actions. Some scientists broadly categorize abnormal behavior in terms of 4 Ds of human behavior described as: deviation from the generally acceptable social behavior or acts considered ‘normal’ by people at large; deviation from the social

Project proposal Essay Example for Free

Project proposal Essay RESEARCH TOPIC PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (CASE STUDY OF CHEVRON) INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY â€Å"Performance appraisal is an evaluation of the appraisee performance in his or her job while potential appraisal helps in discovering the appraisee’s capabilities, skills and talents for development.†(Obisi, 1996). Worldwide, performance appraisals are used in nearly all organizations. There are different tools and number of goals that performance appraisals focus to examine individual’s performance and potential of development, (Leena and Twinkle, 2012: pg01-06). Therefore, the general area of our study is performance appraisal systems in organization. Only minority activities in personnel management are concerned with evaluating employees as individuals. Performance appraisal is a planned interaction between employees and their supervisors, during which the former examine the performance of the latter to identify strengths and weaknesses with the view to improving future performance, (Kofi, 2012: pg22). For their, appraisal is part and parcel of an important personnel activity salary planning and administration. Having accepted that staff performance appraisal is a legitimate activity in organization, we shall familiarize ourselves with the difficulties concerning both accuracy and fairness. It is important to note that the culture of value-system of the organization will act as the major determinant of both the appraisal scheme adopted and the way it is introduced. For instance if the culture is one which favors control and measurement of people, then it is likely that system will be imposed on the participants, but that it will at least contain some measurable criteria against which to judge performance. But where openness performance are encourage, any system will be discussed first with those involved, with the result that appraisals are more likely to be joint problem – solving affairs rather than a calling to account by a superior. Similarly, we can appreciate the importance of performance appraisal when we realize that it is through it that organizational progress at the target and productivity of workers can be evaluated. For instance, a high performance rating tells the workers the organizations is aware of his devotion to his job increase his performance via the goal when were set. The above arguments are not weights. Today open appraisal system has come to stay and any organization, which ignores open appraisal system, should be prepared to face the negative consequences of low performance, conflict and uncertain future. (Obisi, 1996). Alo, (1999) defines performance appraisal as a process involving deliberate stock taking of the success, which an individual or organization has achieved in performing assigned tasks or meeting set goals over a period of time. The specific subject matter of our t is study concern the use of performance of employee as a basis for judging the contribution and weakness of emplo yees so that continuing efforts can be made to build a strange and more effective organization performance appraisal system helps in retaining promotional and retaining policies. Performance appraisal as the process of appraising staff performance against previously agreed standard and targets. It is based on guidelines given to employer by the management of what is expected of them in terms of organizational objectives. Performance appraisal involves the observation and evaluation of employee work behavior or the result that behavior by some. To appraise is to judge the work quality or conditions of something or to find out its value. However, it is important to note that one of the responsibilities of manager is to evaluate the performance of his subordinates. The essence of the evaluation is to assess their character, attitude, potentials and past performance on the job. According to Alo (1999) defines performance appraisal as a process involving deliberate stock taking of the success, which an individual or organization has achieved in performing assigned tasks or meeting set goals over a period of time. Atiomo (2000) agrees with Fajana (1997) that perfor mance appraisal is a system which provides organizations with a means of identifying not only what people’s performance levels are but which areas those levels need to be improved if maximum use is to be made of human resource. In most organizations, there is always a way instituted to evaluate productive behavior of the workers. This is important if the goals for which  organization was established are to be attained. Further, most industrial organizations institute mechanism to solve human problems of workers such as motivation and job satisfaction with an overall objective of ensuring higher productivity. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The process of appraising the performance of employees is made difficult by the fact that criteria of effective performance are frequently difficult to define, the areas of performance for which an individual is responsible are often unclear and evaluation tend to be based not on measurement of actual performance but on the perceptions and judgments of an employee’s immediate boss. And also there can be ineffective if the performance appraisal system does not correspond with organizational culture and system. Despite that performance appraisal will be of immense assistance to management in formal organizations in general and CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED. It can be detrimental to quality improvement: it has been proposed that the use of performance systems in organizations adversely affect organizations pursuits of quality performance. Negative perceptions, quite often individuals have negative perceptions of performance appraisal receiving and/or the anticipation of receiving a performance appraisal can be uncomfortable and distressful and potentially cause tension between supervisors and subordinates. Performance appraisal should provide accurate and relevant ratings of an employee’s performance as compared to pre-established criteria that is organizational expectations. Legal issues: if performance appraisal are not carried out appropriately, legal issues could result that place the organization at risk. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The main purpose and objective of studying performance appraisal systems is as follow. i.To understand varieties of an heir use in personnel administration and motivation of workers for higher productive behavior.  Evaluate the strength of performance appraisal in supplying data that could help the management of the CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED to make an efficient use of its human resources. iii.To understand problem of performance appraisal system and reaction of workers to consequences of their adoption iv.Highlight whether the appraisal technique as presently  creates a learning experience for the employees of the organization to motivate them on improving their level of performance on the job. v.To find out whether the employees of the company are usually satisfied with the way they are being appraised by their supervisors. Vi.Find out how effective is the use of performance appraisal technique as a toll for determining promotion, salary increases and training. RESEARCH QUESTIONS To direct the conduct of this study, the following research questions were developed whose answers will go along in attaining the objectives of the study. i.Do you agree with the fact that performance appraisal is significant to the personnel and effective human resource manager? ii.To what extent can Performance appraisal as an instrument enhance effective human resource management? iii.In what areas has the Chevron Nigeria Limited performance appraisal scheme created an impact on employees? vi.Are performance appraisal reports usually a true reflection of employee’s strength and weakness? v.Is the present appraisal scheme appropriate for evaluating suitability for promotion and salary increment? vi.Do bosses influence performance appraisal reports? Could proper use of performance appraisal lead to employee’s motivation? RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS The following research hypothesis has been developed for the purpose of this study tested for acceptance or rejection. H0:The usefulness of performance appraisal is significant to the personnel and human resource managers. H1:The usefulness of performance appraisal make no significant to the personnel and human resource manager. H0:Performance appraisal could be used to enhance employee’s performance H1:performance appraisal could not be used to enhance employee’s performance. H0:performance appraisal systems usually a true reflection of employee’s strength and weaknesses H1:performance appraisal systems does not usually reflect a true employee’s strength and weaknesses H0:Present appraisal scheme is appropriate for evaluating suitability for promotion and salary increment H1:Present appraisal scheme is not appropriate for evaluating suitability for promotion and salary increment. H0:Proper used of performance appraisal leads to employee’s motivation. H1:Proper used of performance appraisal does not lead to employee’s motivation. SCOPE OF THE STUDY Because of the time constraint, the research will be primarily directed to the country headquarter CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED located at 2, Chevron drive, Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria. It will delve into such sensitive and areas like promotion, salary increases, training and reward for hard work. To make the research work more reliable and valid the sample study will cut across all categories of junior staff, officers and management staff. It is my sincere hope that the study of the research will be of immense assistance to the management in formal organizations in general and CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED in particular. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY Generally, in any meaningful project work of this nature, some difficulties are likely to come up. Such difficulties include: TIME FACTOR: Time factor is a major problem because as an undergraduate student, there is little or no time to allocate to a greater work as the available time is shared between this study and other subject course study. FINANCE: Research project is quite expensive. Preparing the research instrument, moving about to gather the data, administering the research instrument, compiling, validating, writing, typesetting and printing the report cost a lot of money. For an undergraduate, the fund may not really flow as much as needed. HUMAN FACTOR: All efforts would be made towards ensuring error free findings. However, absence of errors is not totally guaranteed as all human are prone to mistakes. DATA GATHERING: Eliciting of data from the stakeholders might also be like a camel trying to pass through the eye of a needle in the sense of inaccessibility and unwillingness of executives and other respondents in providing data information for the purpose. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The significance of this study includes: The study will assist organizational control by ensuring efficient initialization of human resource. It will also be of assistance in formulation of acceptable and objective performance appraisal. It will also assist in areas such as staff promotion or advancement as well as demotion. Performance appraisal helps to maintain records in order to determine compensation packages, wage structure, salaries raises. It helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of employees to place right men on the right job. It helps to maintain and assess the potential present in a person for further growth and development. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This section of the research proposal will examine, research design, research population and sample, data collection method and procedures for data analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN The survey research methods would be used in this study and a case study of CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED would be undertaken. POPULATION OF THE STUDY The population of the study would be made up of the entire staff of CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED located at 2, Chevron drive, Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria. RESEARCH SAMPLE After the sampling size has been determined, simple random sampling techniques would be utilized in coding the sample. The reason for using the simple random sample is precisely to give each individual in the population equal chances of being included in the sample and to make it possible to every sectional group of individual to be represented. DATA COLLECTED METHOD Both primary and secondary sources of data collection method would be adopted in gathering data relevant information on this study. The primary sources will consist of a well-structured questionnaire to be administered to the respondents within three levels of management (i.e. top, middle and lower management) of CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED. The secondary data would be collected from the texts, journals, newspapers, seminar papers, magazines, employee’s performance reports from the personnel departments of CHEVRON NIGERIA LIMITED and other literature on performance appraisal as an  instrument for effective human resource management the usefulness of financial ratio analysis. DATA ANALYSIS METHOD The analysis of the data to be obtained would be done by the use Chi-Square methods of statistical analysis. The spearman’s rank approach ÃŽ §2 = [ (O – E)2] E E= Expected value O= Observe value ÃŽ §2= Chi-Square DEFINITION OF TERMS Appraisal: A method of assessing and grading employees for the purpose of promotion, commendation/development and salary increase. Performance: It refers to the output or personal contribution of an employee to the overall goals and objectives of an organization. A high performance may yield positive appraisal and vice versa. Employee: It refers to the workforce of every organization or firm Human Resource Management: It is a term that can notes the management of human being and raw material of an organization. The blending of both is crucial if the object of an organization is to be realized. Organization: It is the entity where economic activities take place. It could be formal or informal. Organizations strive to harness its human and material resources in order to achieve its goals. REFERENCES Obisi, C. (1996). Personnel Management: lakbod enterprise, Ibadan. Leena. T and Twinkle. P. (2012). From Performance Appraisal to Performance Management. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, Volume 3, Issue 5. 01- 06. Kofi, O. A., and Vincent, P.K. (2012). Performance Appraisal As Employee Motivation Mechanism In Selected Financial Institutions In Kumasi, Ashanti Region Of Ghana. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, Vol.2 Issue 6, 22. Atiomo, A.C. (2000). Human Resource Management: Malthouse Management Science Books, Lagos. Fajana, S. (1997). Human Resources Management: Labofin and Company, Lagos. Alo, O. (1999). Human Resource Management in Nigeria: Business and Institutional Support Associates Limited, Lagos. UNIVERSITY of LAGOS Department of Business Administration Research Proposal NAME: LAWAL ADEBISI FATIMAT MATRIC NUMBER: 100203122 DEPARTMENT:BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION COURSE TITLE:RESEARCH SEMINAR COURSE CODE:FBA321 RESEARCH TOPIC PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (CASE STUDY OF CHEVRON)